| hamza-wasl | Hamzat ul Wasl |
| silent | Silent |
| laam-shamsiyah | Lam Shamsiyyah |
| madda-normal | Normal Prolongation: 2 Vowels |
| madda-permissible | Permissible Prolongation: 2, 4, 6 Vowels |
| madda-necesssary | Necessary Prolongation: 6 Vowels |
| qalaqah | Qalaqah |
| madda-obligatory | Obligatory Prolongation: 4-5 Vowels |
| ikhafa-shafawi | Ikhafa' Shafawi - With Meem |
| ikhafa | Ikhafa' |
| idgham-shafawi | Idgham Shafawi - With Meem |
| iqlab | Iqlab |
| idgham-with-ghunnah | Idgham - With Ghunnah |
| idgham-without-ghunnah | Idgham - Without Ghunnah |
| idgham-mutajanisayn | Idgham - Mutajanisayn |
| idgham-mutaqaribayn | Idgham - Mutaqaribayn |
| ghunnah | Ghunnah: 2 Vowels |
